Biochips are miniature laboratories that can execute many biochemical reactions simultaneously. Biochips are divided into four categories based on their functionality including protein chips, lab-on-a-chips, DNA chips, and tissue and cell arrays. A microscope slide made of materials such as silicon chips, glass, and, which is printed by thousands of tiny spots, is used to make DNA chips, biochips, or DNA microarrays. These spots have an ordered sequence of a recognized DNA sequence or gene. Oligo DNA microarrays, SNP microarrays, cDNA microarrays, and BAC microarrays, are examples of DNA microarrays that utilize the nucleic acid hybridization principle. Furthermore, protein chips or protein microarrays have a silicon or glass platform with protein spots organized at certain locations that interact with the probe molecule in a high-throughput method. Protein arrays can be employed in a variety of applications, such as biomarker discovery, expression profiling, protein function, and drug discovery. Biochips are made by manufacturers such as ThermoFisher Scientific, Inc., Randox Laboratories, Illumina, CDI Laboratories Inc., and InDevR Inc. Some of the biochips that are commercially available are Axiom genotyping array, BovineSNP50 v3 DNA analysis beadchip, ZikaProt (ZIKV/DENV) Proteome Microarray, HuProt Proteome Microarray, Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB) proteome microarray, and GeneChip miRNA Array.
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The global biochips market is expected to rise due to advancements in technology in the biochips platform.
Microarray and Microfluidics technologies have transformed scientific research by reducing the time and expenses associated with traditional laboratory-based research methods. Microfluidics has advantages such as lower test expenses due to the need for fewer samples in pico-liter or nano-liter volumes, low labor costs, and higher sensitivity, throughput, and accuracy when compared to traditional laboratory procedures. In their respective sectors, devices based on protein chips, and DNA microarrays, organ-on-a-chip, and lab-on-a-chip, technologies have significantly reduced existing time and cost issues. Over the forecast period, ongoing research & development into microarray and microfluidic technologies for a wide variety of applications is expected to rise market growth. For instance, the Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery (GRIDD) began developing a microfluidic platform in 2017 to help save time and money in research.
The global biochips market in 2016 was worth US$ 7,026.4 million and it is expected to expand at a significant 16.2 % CAGR during the forecast period 2017 to 2025.
The global biochips market is booming, owing to constant research and development in the field of biochips technology.
The biochips technology and applications are a lucrative area, with revenues estimated to reach US$ 26 billion by 2025, growing at a CAGR of 16.2% during the forecast period. This is due largely to wide research and development in this area, which will ultimately boost the rate where these technologies are being used. For instance, Harvard University scientists have shown that threads and paper can be used to make a low-cost microfluidic device. Electrodes and electrical textile valves could be integrated into such devices to make them even more beneficial. An article published in 2017 in the Royal Society of Chemistry describes a pre-concentration method (P-CLIP), which can assist overcome obstacles related to identifying low concentrations of target analytes in small samples of volumes, particularly for infectious disease diagnostics. Moreover, The University of Illinois’ Laboratory of Integrated Bio-Medical/Nanotechnology & Applications has developed a microfluidic POC sepsis chip that can measure overall white blood cell counts and CD64 expression levels on neutrophils within 30 minutes with a blood sample of only 10 microliters. According to National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), the microfluidic biochip could separate single circulating tumor cells and aid in the delivery of customized therapy to patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
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However, the manufacturing intricacy of biochip technology, as well as the research and development necessary to bring innovative biochips to market, resulting in high production costs. Although this technology miniaturizes these processes which need a full laboratory on a silicon or glass chip, save time and money, the biochips themselves are quite expensive for many end-users, such as research labs with finite resources, who are not able to afford such technology.
Key players operating in the global biochips market are PerkinElmer, Inc., Fluidigm Corporation, Illumina, Inc., Randox Laboratories, Abbott Laboratories, ThermoFisher Scientific, Inc., Agilent Technologies, Inc., and Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.
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