• Popular
    • Medicine
    • Radiology
    • Cardiology
    • Surgery
    • Nanomedicine
    • Military Medicine
    • Rehab
  • Categories
    • Exclusive
    • A-D
      • Anesthesiology
      • Art
      • Cardiac Surgery
      • Cardiology
      • Critical Care
      • Dentistry
      • Dermatology
      • Diagnostics
    • E-I
      • Emergency Medicine
      • ENT
      • Genetics
      • Geriatrics
      • GI
      • Informatics
    • M-N
      • Medicine
      • Military Medicine
      • Nanomedicine
      • Net News
      • Neurology
      • Neurosurgery
      • Nuclear Medicine
    • O-P
      • Ob/Gyn
      • Oncology
      • Ophthalmology
      • Orthopedic Surgery
      • Pathology
      • Pediatrics
      • Plastic Surgery
      • Psychiatry
      • Public Health
    • R-V
      • Radiation Oncology
      • Radiology
      • Rehab
      • Reproductive Medicine
      • Space Medicine
      • Sports Medicine
      • Surgery
      • Thoracic Surgery
      • Urology
      • Vascular Surgery
  • SUBSCRIBE
  • Submit PR
  • About
  • Follow
    • Facebook
    • Twitter
    • Linkedin
    • Youtube
    • Instagram
    • RSS
  • Submit PR
  • Log in
Medgadget
Medgadget
  • Popular
    • Medicine
      Cancer Organoids Offer Insights into Treatment Outcomes

      Cancer Organoids Offer Insights into Treatment Outcomes

      Cell Culture Chamber Mimics Mechanical States of Disease

      Cell Culture Chamber Mimics Mechanical States of Disease

      Laser-Based Breath Analysis Detects COVID-19 Infection

      Laser-Based Breath Analysis Detects COVID-19 Infection

      Technique Reveals 3D Genome Interactions

      Technique Reveals 3D Genome Interactions

    • Radiology
      Implanted Ultrasound Lets Chemo Access Brain

      Implanted Ultrasound Lets Chemo Access Brain

      Wearable Ultrasound Measures Tissue Stiffness Under Skin

      Wearable Ultrasound Measures Tissue Stiffness Under Skin

      Brain Decoder Spells Out Thoughts

      Brain Decoder Spells Out Thoughts

      RF Technology for Health Monitoring: Michael Leabman, CTO of Movano Health

      RF Technology for Health Monitoring: Michael Leabman, CTO of Movano Health

    • Cardiology
      Cell Culture Chamber Mimics Mechanical States of Disease

      Cell Culture Chamber Mimics Mechanical States of Disease

      Chest Wearable Provides Key Heart Measurements

      Chest Wearable Provides Key Heart Measurements

      Vein on a Chip Includes Flexible Valves

      Vein on a Chip Includes Flexible Valves

      Knitted Glove Massages the Hand to Treat Edema

      Knitted Glove Massages the Hand to Treat Edema

    • Surgery
      Automated Computer Assistant for Kidney Transplant Rejection Diagnostics: Interview with Study Authors

      Automated Computer Assistant for Kidney Transplant Rejection Diagnostics: Interview with Study Authors

      Soft Robotic Electrode Enables Minimally Invasive Placement

      Soft Robotic Electrode Enables Minimally Invasive Placement

      Wound Dressing Detects Infection, Changes Color

      Wound Dressing Detects Infection, Changes Color

      Stimulating Wounds with Electricity for Rapid Healing

      Stimulating Wounds with Electricity for Rapid Healing

    • Nanomedicine
      Bottlebrush Nanoparticles Deliver Immunostimulatory Drugs

      Bottlebrush Nanoparticles Deliver Immunostimulatory Drugs

      Nanoparticles Deliver mRNA Therapy to the Lungs

      Nanoparticles Deliver mRNA Therapy to the Lungs

      Nanoparticles Get Lymphatic Vessels Pumping

      Nanoparticles Get Lymphatic Vessels Pumping

      Bottlebrush Particle for Synergistic Drug Combinations

      Bottlebrush Particle for Synergistic Drug Combinations

    • Military Medicine
      Wearable Can Take Multiple Sweat Samples

      Wearable Can Take Multiple Sweat Samples

      Wound Dressing Detects Infection, Changes Color

      Wound Dressing Detects Infection, Changes Color

      Device Measures Hemoglobin More Accurately in Dark Skin

      Device Measures Hemoglobin More Accurately in Dark Skin

      Fingertip Sensor Measures Lithium Levels in Sweat

      Fingertip Sensor Measures Lithium Levels in Sweat

    • Rehab
      Brain Decoder Spells Out Thoughts

      Brain Decoder Spells Out Thoughts

      Knitted Glove Massages the Hand to Treat Edema

      Knitted Glove Massages the Hand to Treat Edema

      Empowering Stroke Survivors: Interview with Kirsten Carroll, CEO at Kandu Health

      Empowering Stroke Survivors: Interview with Kirsten Carroll, CEO at Kandu Health

      Smart Walking Stick for Visually Impaired People

      Smart Walking Stick for Visually Impaired People

  • Categories
    • Exclusive
    • A-D
      • Anesthesiology
      • Art
      • Cardiac Surgery
      • Cardiology
      • Critical Care
      • Dentistry
      • Dermatology
      • Diagnostics
    • E-I
      • Emergency Medicine
      • ENT
      • Genetics
      • Geriatrics
      • GI
      • Informatics
    • M-N
      • Medicine
      • Military Medicine
      • Nanomedicine
      • Net News
      • Neurology
      • Neurosurgery
      • Nuclear Medicine
    • O-P
      • Ob/Gyn
      • Oncology
      • Ophthalmology
      • Orthopedic Surgery
      • Pathology
      • Pediatrics
      • Plastic Surgery
      • Psychiatry
      • Public Health
    • R-V
      • Radiation Oncology
      • Radiology
      • Rehab
      • Reproductive Medicine
      • Space Medicine
      • Sports Medicine
      • Surgery
      • Thoracic Surgery
      • Urology
      • Vascular Surgery
  • SUBSCRIBE
  • Submit PR
  • About
  • Log in
  • Submit PR
  • Follow
    • Facebook
    • Twitter
    • Linkedin
    • Youtube
    • Instagram
    • RSS

Chimeric Organ Transplantation May Eliminate Need for Matching

March 12th, 2012 Shiv Gaglani Exclusive, News

One of the greatest challenges in medicine is the need for replacement organs. Every 10 minutes another person’s name is added to the national organ transplantation waiting list, the length of which now exceeds 100,000. Eighteen of these people die each day. Those who are fortunate enough to receive an organ often have to take immunosuppressive drugs for the rest of their lives, thus making them more vulnerable to other infections, and even then their new organs may gradually be rejected by their immune system.

One potential way to overcome this problem is through the creation of a chimeric immune system by mixing the immune (hematopoetic) stem cells of the recipient with that of the donor. As explained in last week’s issue of Science Translational Medicine:

According to Greek mythology, the Chimera was a fire-breathing creature made of parts from different animals: the body of a lioness, a snake’s head at the end of the tail, and the head of the goat. Sightings of this fearsome beast portended any of a number of terrible disasters. In the context of organ transplantation, a ”chimera” can indicate both desirable and disastrous outcomes. For example, hematopoietic chimerism, in which the immune cells in the graft recipient come from both the host and the donor, may promote graft tolerance, but may also cause graft-versus-host host disease (GVHD), in which the donor immune cells attack the healthy tissue of the host.

The underlying problem behind rejection and GVHD – both of which shrink the potential donor pool – is matching. Now, a novel procedure has come one step closer to overcoming the matching problem and achieving transplantation tolerance. In an exciting, albeit small, study the University of Louisville team transplanted mismatched, unrelated donor kidneys into eight patients along with a mix of donor hematopoetic stem cells and a special population of tolerance-inducing facilitator cells (FCs). These FCs have been shown in animal models to improve engraftment (acceptance of the graft) and avoid GVHD. The results and potential meaning are well-summarized by Science Translational Medicine:

Five of eight kidney transplant recipients exhibited durable chimerism and were weaned off immunosuppressive therapies by 1 year after transplantation, with no signs of GVHD or engraftment syndrome. If confirmed in larger patient cohorts, this approach to transplantation could free some patients from the difficulties associated with lifelong immunosuppression and add transplantation as a viable option for patients for whom no matched donors exist.

An editorial written in STM about the study lauds that this procedure “may potentially have an enormous, paradigm-shifting impact on solid-organ transplantation” and that “few transplant developments in the past half-century  have been more enticing than these that put transplantation tolerance within our grasp.” This editor followed up with the primary investigator of the study, Dr. Suzanne Ildstad from Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, to ask about the future of the procedure as well as other applications that are being explored:

Shiv Gaglani, Medgadget: Your paper refers to applications “not only in sold organ and cell transplant recipients but also for…hemoglobinopathies, inherited metabolic disorders, and autoimmune diseases.” What other applications are currently being explored using this novel chimeric approach?

Dr. Suzanne Ildstad: We are currently working on applying this procedure to sickle cell disease, thalassemia, metachromatic leukodystrophy, and in the near future, Type 1 diabetes.

 

Medgadget: When is the earliest we could see this technique in the clinic?

Ildstad: Currently all of the above are in clinical trials with the exception of Type 1 diabetes.

 

Medgadget: Given that the chimeric approach enabled your transplant patients to be weaned off of immunosuppresive drugs, do you have any data on whether these patients are less susceptible to traditional problems of immunosuppression (e.g. viral, fungal, bacterial infection)?

Ildstad: It will take more subjects and long-term follow up.  As we describe in the paper, so far all complications have occurred while the subjects were still on double drug [immunosuppression with tacromilus and mycophenolate mofetil] treatment.

Paper in Science Translational Medicine: Chimerism and Tolerance Without GVHD or Engraftment Syndrome in HLA-Mismatched Combined Kidney and Hematopoetic Stem Cell Transplantation

Editorial in STM: The Quest for Transplantation Tolerance: Have We Finally Sipped from the Cup?

Shiv Gaglani

Shiv Gaglani is an MD/MBA candidate at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and Harvard Business School. In addition to curating the Smartphone Physical (www.smartphonephysical.org), he also contributes regularly to CardioSource World News and Emergency Physicians Monthly. He is interested in developing scalable, tech-based solutions for medicine and education; to this end he is the co-founder of the medical education tech start-up, Osmosis (www.osmosis.org).  More about Shiv: http://about.me/sgaglani

Sponsored

Packaging Compliance Labs (PCL) Celebrates Site Expansion in Grand Rapids, MI

Novel Approach to Assessing Lung Function Enables Improved Detection, Diagnosis and Treatment Decisions in Subject Exposed to Military Burn Pits

U.S. Patent Office Grants Additional Patent Protection For  Exoskeleton Focal-Force Angioplasty Platform

U.S. Patent Office Grants Additional Patent Protection For Exoskeleton Focal-Force Angioplasty Platform

Reliefband® State of Nausea Study Reveals More Than Three-Quarters of Americans Are Prevented from Enjoying Life As a Result of Regular Nausea

Reliefband® State of Nausea Study Reveals More Than Three-Quarters of Americans Are Prevented from Enjoying Life As a Result of Regular Nausea

New AI-Powered Voice Controls Streamline Ultrasound Imaging with All Clarius Handheld Systems

New AI-Powered Voice Controls Streamline Ultrasound Imaging with All Clarius Handheld Systems

interviews & reviews
Automated Computer Assistant for Kidney Transplant Rejection Diagnostics: Interview with Study Authors

Automated Computer Assistant for Kidney Transplant Rejection Diagnostics: Interview with Study Authors

RF Technology for Health Monitoring: Michael Leabman, CTO of Movano Health

RF Technology for Health Monitoring: Michael Leabman, CTO of Movano Health

AI’s role in Healthcare: Exclusive Interview with Catherine Estrampes, President & CEO at GE Healthcare

AI’s role in Healthcare: Exclusive Interview with Catherine Estrampes, President & CEO at GE Healthcare

Digital Self-Neuromodulation Therapy for PTSD: Interview with Oded Kraft, CEO of GrayMatters Health

Digital Self-Neuromodulation Therapy for PTSD: Interview with Oded Kraft, CEO of GrayMatters Health

Levels Is Making Metabolism and Blood Glucose Tracking Accessible To Everyone

Levels Is Making Metabolism and Blood Glucose Tracking Accessible To Everyone

Imagene Profiles Cancer Biomarkers in Real Time

Imagene Profiles Cancer Biomarkers in Real Time

Empowering Stroke Survivors: Interview with Kirsten Carroll, CEO at Kandu Health

Empowering Stroke Survivors: Interview with Kirsten Carroll, CEO at Kandu Health

  • Subscribe
  • Contact us
  • Submit
  • About
  • Back to top
Medgadget

Medical technologies transform the world! Join us and see the progress in real time. At Medgadget, we report the latest technology news, interview leaders in the field, and file dispatches from medical events around the world since 2004.

  • About
  • Editorial policies
  • Contact
  • Terms of Service
  • Privacy
  • Submit press release
  • Advertise
© Medgadget, Inc. All rights reserved. | The Medical Revolution Will Be Blogged.
Please support this website by adding us to your whitelist in your ad blocker. Ads are what helps us bring you premium content! Thank you!
  • Facebook
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Reddit
  • Email