MIT scientists came up with a new mathematical model of collagen, an important building material of connective tissue:
Biological experiments in the past have shown that collagen’s universal design consists of molecules staggered lengthwise, arranged like fibers in a steel cable. Each tiny tropocollagen molecule–the smallest collagen building block–is around 300 nanometers long and only 1.5 nanometers thick. (A nanometer is one-billionth of a meter.) But why these ropy strands of amino acids–the molecular building blocks of proteins–associate to form tropocollagen molecules consistently at the same length has been unexplained until now.
The molecular model of collagen developed by Markus Buehler, an assistant professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, started on the atomic scale. Buehler then combined elements of quantum mechanics and molecular dynamics to scale his model up and show precisely which length and arrangement of molecules were best for sustaining large weights pulling in opposite directions, a process known as tensile loading.
Buehler discovered that the ideal length of tropocollagen molecules was indeed close to 300 nanometers. His work has shown that the characteristic nanopatterned structure of collagen is responsible for its high extensibility and strength. “This is the first time a predictive, molecular model was used to explain the design features that experiments have shown for decades without understanding the rationale behind them,” he explained.
“The response of materials to tensile loading has been studied in materials science for computer chips, cars and buildings, but is still poorly understood for biological materials. What we are doing is looking at biological systems on a molecular level, the same way we would examine glass or metal,” said Buehler. “This represents a new way of thinking about biological matter, and it may hold the key to engineering biological systems as we design man-made devices today.”
Full story at MIT…
