A group from the Mayo Clinic presented yesterday at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2005, in Dallas, TX, that V02max outweighed other common clinical variables as a predictor of survival rate among patients with coronary artery disease.
The best predictor of survival in cardiac patients is their capacity for exercise,” says Thomas Allison, Ph.D., the lead author of the study, who is from Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn. “When we considered all of the measurable clinical variables — such as whether they had bypass surgery or whether they have diabetes or high blood pressure — the patient’s capacity for exercise as measured by VO2max stood clear as the best predictor for 10-year survival.”
In this study, the significance of low VO2max levels was examined in patients with coronary artery disease — the top cause of death in the United States and often a precursor to a heart attack and heart failure.
A group of 282 patients, 17 percent of them women, underwent cardiopulmonary treadmill testing at the end of cardiac rehabilitation and were followed for an average of 9.8 years. The average age was 61 at the time of the test.
In the first two years there were few deaths, but after that mortality was significantly higher in patients with low VO2max. Fifty-five patients had a low VO2max (less than 18 ml/kg/min); at 10 years, almost half (42 percent) had died. Of the 227 patients who had a VO2max above or equal to 18 ml/kg/min, only 11.6 percent had died at the 10-year mark. Even after adjusting for age, sex and ventricular function, VO2max was a strong predictor of mortality.
“It remains to be seen whether improving VO2max through better medical care or surgical intervention versus weight loss and a better exercise program will be the key to improving survival, but we suspect both are important,” he says.
The press release from the Mayo Clinic.
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