Radiology Archive

Friday, November 6, 2009

FiatLux Visualize Free Is Now Free for All


Medical visualization software company FiatLux Imaging, Inc., from Redmond, WA, has announced that it is making available for download its FiatLux Visualize™ Free application. The software, designed to run on any computer with Windows, is a 2D/3D DICOM viewer for CT and MRI medical data.

To learn more about the software, check out the press release, product page, or video clips embedded below.

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Friday, November 6, 2009

PET/MR Scanner Development Project on Course

Combining PET and MRI scanning into one machine has great potential for comprehensive imaging of the body. Modern gamma ray detectors use vacuum photomultiplier tubes which are sensitive to magnetic fields, so a major goal of the project was to overcome this limitation. Philips, the leader of HYPERImage, the multi-institution European project to create a PET/MR machine, is announcing considerate success toward its goal.

The milestone that the HYPERImage team has reached is the development of a functional gamma-ray detector that meets the performance requirements of the latest time-of-flight PET scanners. The new gamma-ray detectors have been designed to be compatible with the strong static and dynamic magnetic fields that would be present in a combined PET/MR scanner. Furthermore, the team has achieved major progress with respect to MRI-based static and dynamic PET attenuation correction. Details of these results are presented at the IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, which takes place on October 25-31 in Orlando, Florida, USA.

More about the project from the backgrounder:

The technical breakthrough behind the team's development of an MR-compatible gamma-ray detector is the development of a new solid-state, scalable and compact digital detector technology. This technology is based around silicon photomultiplier arrays that offer the desired sensitivity, energy resolution and timing resolution required for time-of-flight PET measurements, and that feature integrated digital read-out electronics.

To increase the effective sensitivity, and to reduce the scan-time and dependence of sensitivity on patient size, the detector has been designed to support time-of-flight PET measurements with extremely short coincidence time resolution. In time-of-flight PET scanners, not only the direction of the gamma ray paths is measured but also the difference in time it takes the pair of gamma rays generated by the PET tracers to reach the detector. This time difference measurement substantially increase the precision with which the tracer can be localized. Time-of-flight measurements increase the effective sensitivity by a factor 10 compared to standard systems.

The silicon photomultiplier array's integrated digital read-out electronics contain a low-jitter and low-power signal acquisition unit. Low power consumption is an essential requirement when preparing the technology for integrated whole body scanning applications.

Full story: Philips led HYPERImage project advances research on hybrid PET/MR scanner...

HYPERImage Project Background Information...

Flashbacks: PET/MRI Combination Might Improve Breast CA Visualization ; Novel Photodetectors Lead to Combination PET/MRI Machines ; UC Davis Develops First Combined PET/MRI Tomograph

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Monday, October 26, 2009

TRUMF's OR Table Integrated With Siemens Multi-axis Fluoroscopy Systems


Siemens has just announced that it has integrated the TruSystem 7500 OR table from TRUMPF (Puchheim, Germany) with its Artis zee and Artis zeego fluoroscopy scanners. The TruSystem 7500 adjusts to just about any position imaginable and is transparent to x-rays, and so can be used in almost any surgical or invasive radiological procedure. TruSystem 7500 OR table is illustrated above, and Artis zeego multi-axis interventional fluoroscope is shown in the picture below.

The Trumpf OR table has been designed especially for this integration and is equipped with a onepiece carbon tabletop, which can be replaced by a segmented universal tabletop. The table column enables the two tops to be exchanged easily. The carbon tabletop is transparent to X-rays and thus ensures that there will be no disruptive artifacts in the images. It is suitable for interventional procedures and minimally invasive surgery. The integration of the OR table with the Siemens angiography systems also make fast rotations and 3-D imaging possible with the surgical C-arm. The modular design of the segmented tabletop enables extremely flexible positioning of the patient, particularly important in orthopedics and neuro surgery. Complicated positions, such as the chest side position, can be achieved quickly with great precision as well as comfort for the patient and staff.

Along with the integrated Trumpf OR table, Siemens continues to offer its Artis tables for the entire Artis zee series, which are available in three designs: as a standard table, a table with Trendelenburg tilting and one with Trendelenburg and lateral tilting.

Press release: Siemens integrates Trumpf's OR table in its Artis zeego and Artis zee ceiling angiography systems...

Product pages: TruSystem 7500, Artis zee, Artis zeego

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Wednesday, October 21, 2009

GE's New Ultra Small Ultrasound May Become as Ubiquitous as Stethoscope


Yesterday at the Web 2.0 Summit in San Francisco, GE showed off their new handheld ultrasound device. The Vscan looks like a cross between an iPod and a cell phone, making it possibly the world's smallest ultrasound. Later today we'll be attending GE's healthymagination technology showcase in New York where further details and specs will hopefully become available.

For critical care clinicians, Vscan can offer an immediate look beyond patient vital signs with the potential to identify critical issues, like fluid around the heart, which could be a sign of congestive heart failure. And for cardiologists, Vscan provides a dependable visual evaluation of how well the heart is pumping at a glance, so they can treat patients more efficiently.

More from GE...

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Monday, October 19, 2009

Siemens Adds Tomosynthesis to Its Top Line Mammography System


The Mammomat Inspiration mammography system from Siemens now features the company's 3D tomosynthesis imaging that delivers high quality volumetric views of the breast. With the help of this digital reconstruction technology, clinicians should now avoid false positives by evaluating a suspected tumor from different angles.

So far, conventional analog mammography and digital full-field mammography was only able to display the three-dimensional anatomical structure of the breast on a two-dimensional level. This made diagnosis more difficult and limited the possibility of the physician identifying certain types of tumor; since, anatomical structures could overlap and obscure lesions. The 3D tomosynthesis technology in the Mammomat Inspiration overcomes these limitations: The technology acquires several projections of the breast from different angles using a fast detector based on amorphous Selenium (aSe) and uses this raw data to generate a 3D volume set. This enables a better analysis of the type and size of lesions as well as microcalcifications compared to conventional methods. Tomosynthesis increases the sensitivity and specificity of mammography, as well as improving tumor differentiation and classification.

Tomosynthesis differs from conventional mammography in the same way that, for example, a CT scan differs from a classical X-ray image. During the examination, the X-ray tube moves in a 50-degree arc around the breast, taking 25 low-dose images. The images are then used as raw data to construct high-resolution 3D images. High spatial resolution and a wide acquisition angle result in the production of mammography images with unparalleled image quality.

Press release: Siemens releases first mammography systems equipped with 3D tomosynthesis

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Wednesday, October 14, 2009

Barco's Latest Mammography Monitor

Barco (Kortrijk, Belgium) has released a new version of its Coronis 5MP monitor for mammography applications. The unit features a 12-bit DICOM look-up table allowing for 4096 levels of gray.

The display's diagnostic precision is further enhanced by the next generation Per Pixel Uniformity (PPU) technology. PPU measures and adjusts the luminance output of each of the five million individual pixels on screen, thus eliminating distracting screen noise and improving the display's image uniformity from center to corner.

Furthermore, the upgraded system now incorporates a special version of the MediCal QAWeb service, which includes a dedicated mammography quality check. Together with the integrated I-Guard front screen sensor, MediCal QAWeb continuously monitors the display's quality for mammography screening. The intelligent I-Guard sensor also performs automated and intervention-free DICOM calibration and softcopy QA, helping to meet stringent mammography quality standards.

The product's extremely high luminance, high contrast ratio, and dark black levels guarantee exceptional image accuracy. Moreover, facilities will continue to benefit from Barco's DuraLight long-life backlight technology which assures that the Coronis 5MP Mammo will last three times as long as other displays, reducing the total cost of ownership substantially.

To allow for optimum workflow efficiency, the upgraded Coronis 5MP Mammo is bundled with a high-speed Barco display controller. This powerful board lets radiologists load current and prior studies instantly, enabling them to progress smoothly through their diagnostic workflow without having to wait for images.

Press release: Barco uplifts its successful mammography display system...

Product page: Coronis 5MP Mammo (MDMG-5121)....

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Tuesday, October 13, 2009

Guardian II Hemostasis Valve Gets FDA Nod


The FDA has granted approval to the Guardian II™ Hemostasis Valve produced by Zerusa, a Galway, Ireland firm. The valve, designed for easy movement of catheters and other interventional angio devices while providing hemostasis, has already been approved in Europe. The device will now be distributed in the US by Vascular Solutions out of Minneapolis, MN.

Features from the product page:

Unique Seal Technology

  • Provides a cleaner procedural field protecting physicians, staff and patients by reducing the amount of blood in the field.

  • Allows separation of guidewires and other devices during complex procedures.
  • Click-open and Click-close Design

  • Allows single handed operation

  • Unique proximal cap is easily depressed for both opening and closing the lumen.

  • Distinctive wide “bulls eye” opening in the proximal cap allows for easy insertion of devices along with the ability to separate multiple guidewires and other devices during complex cases.
  • Ergonomic Design

  • Practical design allows the Guardian to fit comfortably in a physician’s hand.

  • Subtle finger tabs have been added for improved handling characteristics.

  • Actual device length 92mm.
  • 8 French Lumen

  • Allows multiple or large therapeutic devices to be inserted during procedures.
  • Secure Device Lock

  • Rotating lock-nut has been designed to provide an additional mechanism for securing device position. Lock-nut functions similar to a tuohy borst™ style valve.
  • Here's a demo animation showing how one operates the device...

    Press release: Vascular Solutions and Zerusa Limited Announce FDA Market Clearance for the Next Generation Guardian II Hemostasis Valve...

    Product page: Guardian II™...

    Guardian II™ brochure...

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    Thursday, October 8, 2009

    Philips' New Digital Photomultipliers May Replace Large, Imprecise, Power Hungry Tubes


    Scientists at Philips have developed a new fully digital silicon photomultipliers (SiMP's) that may replace detectors within PET scanners as well as open up possibilities for other ultra-sensitive detectors for DNA sequencing and protein/DNA microarrays.

    By integrating low-power CMOS electronics into the silicon photomultiplier chip, the team at Philips has developed a digital silicon photomultiplier in which each photon detection is converted directly into an ultra high speed digital pulse that can be directly counted by on-chip counter circuitry. In contrast to conventional silicon photomultipliers, the Philips digital silicon photomultiplier is therefore an all-digital (digital-in/digital-out) device. As a result, it produces faster and more accurate photon counts with extremely well defined timing of the first photon detection, both of which are important factors in applications such as medical imaging scanners and high-energy nuclear particle detectors.

    The PET system detects pairs of gamma rays (high energy electromagnetic radiation) originating from a radioactive tracer, a small amount of which is injected into the patient prior to the scan. To image metabolic activity, PET typically uses a radioactive derivative of glucose called fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). This compound mimics the behavior of glucose in the body and can be detected by the PET system.

    For so-called ‘time-of-flight’ PET scanners, accurately determining the time at which the first photon arrives at the detector is extremely important. Philips’ digital silicon photomultiplier prototypes achieve a timing accuracy for the detection of the first photon of around 190 ps (full-width, half-maximum using a standard scintillator crystal (LYSO) at 511 keV for two detectors in coincidence).

    Conventional silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) consist of a two-dimensional array of avalanche photodiodes (APDs) each of which is connected in series with its own polysilicon ‘quenching’ resistor. All of these diode/resistor ‘microcells’ are then connected in parallel and the entire microcell array is reverse-biased to a voltage above the diodes’ normal breakdown voltage – typically in the range 30V to 70V. Operating in this so-called ‘Geiger mode’, the diodes are ultra-sensitive to single electron-hole pairs that result in individual diodes experiencing avalanche breakdown. These electron-hole pairs can be generated either by the absorption of a photon (the desired signal), or by thermal energy or electron tunneling (unwanted background noise). The unwanted background noise produced by thermally generated electron-hole pairs and/or electron tunneling, together with false counts due to defective microcells, are collectively referred to as the SiPM’s ‘dark count’.

    To eliminate a conventional SiPM’s need for an external digitizing ASIC, the digital silicon photomultiplier developed by Philips equips each individual avalanche photodiode with its own 1-bit on-chip ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) in the form of a CMOS inverter. Each microcell that experiences avalanche breakdown therefore produces its own digital output that is captured, along with the digital outputs from all other triggered microcells, by an on-chip counter. The Philips digital SiPM therefore converts digital events (photon detections) directly into a digital photon count. As a result, it is capable of achieving significantly better resolution than conventional SiPMs.

    To overcome the ‘dark count’ problem associated with conventional SiPMs, each microcell in the Philips digital SiPM is also equipped with an addressable static memory cell that can be used to disable or enable the microcell. Microcells that show high dark count levels can therefore be prevented from contributing false counts to the SiPM’s output. This facility allows the Philips’ digital SiPM to achieve better signal-to-noise ratios than conventional devices. Because defective microcells in the array can be disabled, it also helps to improve production yield.

    Press release: Philips announces breakthrough in fully digital light detection technology...

    Technology backgrounder: PHILIPS' FULLY DIGITAL LIGHT DETECTION TECHNOLOGY (.pdf)...

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    RAY: A Concept for a Portable X-Ray Machine


    Designers Fredrik Hyltén-Cavallius and Jacob von Matern teamed up with the NASA Johnson Space Center to conceptualize a portable X-ray machine for field applications. Small enough to discreetly find itself on a football or rugby field sidelines, the device would use a standard laptop for image processing and visualization.



    More from Yanko Design...

    Link: Cavallius Design...

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    Tuesday, October 6, 2009

    Profound Medical's MRI Guided Thermal Therapy Device for Prostate CA Treatment

    Profound Medical's (Toronto, Canada) thermal coagulation therapy system is an interesting new product that MassDevice has just reported from MassMEDIC 11th Annual Medtech Investors Conference. The MRI-compatible ultrasound applicator, yet to undergo clinical trials, is designed to deliver controlled thermal ablation to prostate cancer in an MRI via via a trans-urethral approach.

    Features of the device:

  • Complete compatibility within an MRI suite
  • Accurate location of the trans-urethral ultrasound applicator in the prostate
  • Multiple 3D treatment planning options through proprietary software
  • Precise heating control through unique array geometries and frequencies
  • Whole or segmented treatments relative to disease progression and location
  • Single or multiple treatments in the same session
  • Real-time thermometry for active monitoring and surveillance
  • Highest control around organs such as nerve bundles, rectum & urethra
  • Treatment time estimates of 30 mins (6X faster than next best)
  • Product page: Profound Medical Treatment System...

    More from MassDevice...

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    Monday, October 5, 2009

    New Melanoma Radioactive PET Imaging Agent Discovered

    A collaboration of Australian scientists has identified a new imaging radiotracer as an excellent PET contrast agent for melanoma in laboratory mice. The so called [18F]N-(2-(Diethylamino)ethyl)-6-fluoronicotinamide is now scheduled to begin clinical trials sometime next year, according to the press release by the American Chemical Society.

    From the abstract in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry:

    The high melanoma uptake and rapid body clearance displayed by our series of [123I]iodonicotinamides prompted the development of [18F]N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-6-fluoronicotinamide ([18F]2), a novel radiotracer for PET melanoma imaging. Significantly, unlike fluorobenzoates, [18F]fluorine incorporation on the nicotinamide ring is one step, facile, and high yielding. [18F]2 displayed high tumor uptake, rapid body clearance via predominantly renal excretion, and is currently being evaluated in preclinical studies for progression into clinical trials to assess the responsiveness of therapeutic agents.

    Image: [18F]2 PET image analysis of murine melanoma. (A) Whole body and (B) transaxial PET images of a C57BL/J6 black mouse bearing a B16F0 tumor allograft (right flank) at 1 h postinjection of [18F]2. (C) Autoradiographic and (D) photographic images of [18F]2 uptake in melanotic areas of a B16F0 tumor frozen section from a 1 h autoradiographic acquisition of [18F]fluorine disintegrations.

    Press statement by the American Chemical Society: A potential new imaging agent for early diagnosis of most serious skin cancer...

    Full article in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry: Discovery of [18F]N-(2-(Diethylamino)ethyl)-6-fluoronicotinamide: A Melanoma Positron Emission Tomography Imaging Radiotracer with High Tumor to Body Contrast Ratio and Rapid Renal Clearance

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    Thursday, September 17, 2009

    Radiopaedia Releases Practice Application for The iPhone


    Radiopaedia.org, a Wiki for radiologists, has released a teaching file for the iPhone. The app contains a collection of cases to prepare for exams or simply to use as a refresher in clinical work.

    Here's a screencast showing the features of the app:

    Product page: Radiology Teaching file...

    Flashback: Help Build Radiopaedia, a Wiki for Radiologists...

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    Thursday, September 3, 2009

    Optoacoustics Surgical Communication System for Working in an MRI


    Interventional MRI procedures, where the surgeon or radiologist is located at the gantry, often require creative communication skills with the technicians in the control room. The problem is that you can't use conventional headsets because of the magnetic field, which not only interferes with the electronics inside but can also present a danger by sucking the headphones into the tunnel. In addition, the MRI machine itself can be quite noisy. To overcome these problems, Optoacoustics, out of Or-Yehuda, Israel, has developed a nonferromagnetic communication system based on specialized transducers and fiber optic headphones which stay clear of the B-field. So now everyone can wear headsets, and even the patient can listen to music or speak to the surgeon.

    Features from the product page:

  • Fiber Optical Headset: Self-hearing and equipped with slim ear defenders (patent-pending).

  • FOMRI II Microphone: The industry standard for MRI environments, with real time adaptive noise cancelling.

  • Optical Switching Unit: Worn by each staff member to enable instant control.

  • Electro-Optical Unit: Robust heart of the IMROC system.

  • Mixing & Control Console: Enables six-channel communications management from the control room.

  • Stereo Sound System: IMROC features a MP4 stereo entertainment system to make patient comfort complete.

  • Product page: Interventional MR Optical Communication System (IMROC)

    IMROC brochure...

    (hat tip: ISRAEL21c)

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    Wednesday, September 2, 2009

    vProtect Luminal Shield Stent System Wins EU Approval

    jj3423a.jpg
    Here's a new device designed to improve coronary artery luminal diameter. The European Union just granted approval to Prescient Medical (Doylestown, Pennsylvania) to market its vProtect Luminal Shield catheter for treatment of coronary lesions in patients with symptomatic ischemic heart disease.

    The vProtect™ Luminal Shield is designed to minimize arterial injury and its consequences, allowing the vessel to regain and maintain healthy physiological function. The device is a low radial force, thin-strut, self-expanding nitinol mesh, or “Shield” that is designed specifically for softer plaques.

    The vProtect™ Luminal Shield recently completed phase 1 first-in-human trials for the treatment of de novo obstructive coronary lesions. The Shield is also being evaluated in an investigator-sponsored study known as the SECRITT I (Santorini Criteria for Investigating and Treating Thin Capped Fibroatheroma) trial for the treatment of vulnerable plaques, and a separate study is planned to evaluate use of the Shield in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). A second Prescient Medical product, the vPredict™ Optical Catheter System, is being developed for the detection of vulnerable plaque. It will be evaluated in tandem with the vProtect™ Luminal Shield in the PRESCIENT (Predictive use of Spectroscopic tissue Classification In Evaluating a Novel Treatment) trial, an ambitious study designed to evaluate the detection and prophylactic treatment of vulnerable plaques.

    Here's Patricia Scheller, CEO of Prescient Medical discussing the approval of vProtect on FOX Business:

    Product page: vProtect Luminal Shield

    Press release: vProtect Luminal Shield from Prescient Medical Receives CE Mark

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    Tuesday, August 25, 2009

    IsoFlow Catheter Helps Target Tumor During Chemo Infusion


    Current methods of delivering chemotherapy and chemoembolization agents have trouble limiting the affected parts of the organ to just the area around the tumor. Dana Blankenhorn, who now blogs at SmartPlanet.com, is reporting that Vascular Designs Inc. out of San Jose, CA has received FDA clearance for its IsoFlow infusion catheter that can occlude a section of vasculature, while allowing blood to continue to perfuse through the catheter itself. Once occluded, the chemo agents can be delivered peripherally to the isolated section, while blood is shunted past uninterrupted.

    More details from the product page:

    The IsoFlow catheter enables sideways perfusion, which gives you the ability to push specified fluids both into side branch and angiogenicly formed vessels, letting medications reach an isolated area in a highly targeted and concentrated fashion. With IsoFlow's unique design, fluids can reach areas that could not previously be treated directly.

    IsoFlow is inserted with a guide wire and catheter for precise positioning within a patient's body. Once in place, both of IsoFlow's balloons are simultaneously inflated using radiopaque fluid via a single inflation lumen. Physician-specified fluid is introduced through the infusion lumen or the guide wire lumen via the one-way stopcock connection. The mixture of infusion and radiopaque agents is then delivered to the target region between the two balloons. For sideways infusion, the guide wire is retracted to allow blood to bypass the isolated target region via holes in the catheter exterior. Complete removal of the guide wire allows fluid delivery from the distal tip.

    Watch the video for how the IsoFlow is operated:

    Product page: IsoFlow ...

    More from Dana Blankenhorn...

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    Thursday, August 20, 2009

    MRI Friendly Infusion System Gets US Green Light


    IRadimed out of Winter Park, Florida has won FDA 510K clearance for the firm's MRidium 3860+ MRI Infusion System that features Masimo's SET SpO2 monitoring technology.

    Clinicians no longer have to remember each time when they get to the door of the MRI to remove their standard hospital SpO2 equipment so that it does not become a dangerous projectile, or risk a patient burn, in the MR environment. IRadimed has innovatively combined two critically needed technologies for the MRI to increase productivity, patient safety, and ease of transport to, from, and within, the MRI.

    The Innovative MRidium 3860+ MRI Infusion System is the first Non Magnetic IV Pump designed specifically for use in the MRI Environment with Integrated Masimo SET technology.

    The MRidium Pump has the ability to work at the 10,000 Gauss magnetic field environment of 1.5 and 3.0 Tesla MR Scanners, and the system includes the remote control ability for adjusting critical medication deliveries and alarm monitoring from outside the MR Scanner room. The safe placement of the pump is of the utmost importance, because these safety-critical Gauss line limits are invisible and different for every magnet design and strength, which makes it difficult to know where the safe limits are in relation to the MR Scanner. The 10,000 Gauss Line is virtually inside the bore of the MR Scanner in many cases, which allows the use of the MRidium Pump in close proximity to the MR scanner.

    The MRidium System's remote ability allows clinicians to monitor the infusion progress and make changes to the pump from outside the MR scanner room without having to stop the scan; this provides the ability to adjust or bolus critical medications, such as Propofol, which is commonly used for MR Anesthesia, without interrupting, or unnecessarily delaying, the MR scan.

    The New MRidium 3860+ System has a number of key new features which make this MR IV Pump simple and safe to deliver even the smallest of infusions. With rate ranges from 0.1 ml to 1400 ml per hour, the MRidium System is designed to meet all of your infusion needs. Our new 10 digit keypad makes programming a snap, with quick changes at the press of a few buttons. This Smart Infusion System also has an integrated programmable drug library designed for the MRI - making it an indispensible tool for delivery of critical medications such as Dobutamine, Adenosine, Propofol, and Dexmedetomidine. The system also offers a modular second channel which allows for delivery of two medications simultaneously during patient scans. A range of available infusion sets provides the necessary clinical flexibility needed for MRI Infusion. The MRidium 1055 Bypass Infusion set allows clinicians to quickly change over IV sets from the hospital based infusion system without having to disconnect the lines from the patient. The MRidium 1057 Vented Syringe Adapter Set allows for accurate delivery from a syringe using a low priming volume of only 4 milliliters per set.

    Press release: IRadimed announces 510K Clearance of the New Non Magnetic MRidium MRI IV Pump with Integrated Masimo SET SpO2 Monitoring ...

    Product page: Pump 3860+ ...

    Product brochure (.pdf)...

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    Thursday, August 13, 2009

    Zilver PTX Drug Eluting Stent for Peripheral Artery Disease Gets European Approval

    Cook Medical has received EU's CE Mark to market the Zilver® PTX® paclitaxel eluting nitinol stent for the treatment of peripheral artery disease in the superficial femoral artery. The paclitaxel, a drug also used in the TAXUS cardiac stents by Boston Scientific, has been licensed from Angiotech. The interesting thing about the Zilver® PTX® is that the paclitaxel is attached to to the nitinol frame without the use of any polymer or other anchoring agent, which avoids leaving any plastics behind in the vessel once paclitaxel dissolves.

    From Cook's announcement of the approval:

    The CE Mark follows the world's largest-ever clinical trial for a peripheral stent, led by Dr. Michael Dake, professor in the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery at Stanford University Medical School and medical director of the Cath/Angio Laboratories at Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California. The data published in the Zilver PTX registry involved 791 patients from Europe, Russia, Canada and Korea and demonstrated highly positive results. Only 8 percent of all patients with de novo (new) lesions needed a reintervention to reopen the artery in the first 12 months — a rate significantly surpassing existing treatments for PAD in the SFA, such as balloon angioplasty and bare metal (non-drug-eluting) stents.

    Also, specific patient groups that are often very hard to treat, such as diabetics and patients with in-stent restenosis (those treated previously with a noncoated stent), were shown in the trial to benefit from the Zilver PTX. As the trial data indicate, the superior results achieved in the first year have been largely maintained throughout 24 months, an important clinical milestone. In comparisons with other trial data obtained, the Zilver PTX stent showed a reduction in reintervention of between 50 percent and 75 percent, an important patient benefit.

    Cook press release: Breakthrough Drug-Eluting Stent to Treat Peripheral Artery Disease Now Available in Europe ...

    Angiotech press release: ANGIOTECH'S LICENSEE, COOK MEDICAL, ANNOUNCES CE MARK APPROVAL AND EUROPEAN LAUNCH OF THE ZILVER PTX STENT

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    Tuesday, August 4, 2009

    Nanoparticles Traverse Blood-Brain Barrier to Help Improve MRI Visualization


    Development of a new brain tumor imaging agent is not an easy task for researchers because such substance has to be not only a good contrast agent, it also has to cross the blood-brain barrier in order to work. Researchers at the University of Washington have now developed fluorescent nanoparticles that can both safely cross the barrier and significantly improve contrast in optical and MRI scans of brain tumors in mice.

    Until now, no nanoparticle used for imaging has been able to cross the blood-brain barrier and specifically bind to brain-tumor cells. With current techniques doctors inject dyes into the body and use drugs to temporarily open the blood-brain barrier, risking infection of the brain.

    The UW team surmounted this challenge by building a nanoparticle that remains small in wet conditions. The particle was about 33 nanometers in diameter when wet, about a third the size of similar particles used in other parts of the body.

    Crossing the blood-brain barrier depends on the size of the particle, its lipid, or fat, content, and the electric charge on the particle. Zhang and colleagues built a particle that can pass through the barrier and reach tumors. To specifically target tumor cells they used chlorotoxin, a small peptide isolated from scorpion venom that many groups, including Zhang's, are exploring for its tumor-targeting abilities. On the nanoparticle's surface Zhang placed a small fluorescent molecule for optical imaging, and binding sites that could be used for attaching other molecules.

    Future research will evaluate this nanoparticle's potential for treating tumors, Zhang said. She and colleagues already showed that chlorotoxin combined with nanoparticles dramatically slows tumors' spread. They will see whether that ability could extend to brain cancer, the most common solid tumor to affect children.

    Abstract in Cancer Research: Tumor Paint: A Chlorotoxin:Cy5.5 Bioconjugate for Intraoperative Visualization of Cancer Foci

    Press release: Nanoparticles cross blood-brain barrier to enable 'brain tumor painting'...

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    Monday, August 3, 2009

    Carbon Nanotubes Power Stationary CT Scanner

    A new CT scanner design, featuring a potentially disruptive technology, has been developed by researchers from the University of North Carolina Hospitals, Siemens, and Xintek (Research Triangle Park, NC). The system, being prototyped by a joint venture of Siemens and Xintek, called XinRay, uses a distributed X-ray source made out of carbon nanotubes may replace contemporary machines that have a single source spinning gantry. Because one can trigger the nanotubes to fire instantaneously without any perceivable warm up time, it is possible to achieve high resolution volumetric images of even moving organs.

    MIT Technology Review reports:

    Instead of a single tungsten emitter, the UNC team uses an array of vertical carbon nanotubes that serve as hundreds of tiny electron guns. While tungsten requires time to warm up, the nanotubes emit electrons from their tips instantly when a voltage is applied to them...

    The new machine turns multiple nanotube emitters on and off in sequence to take pictures from different angles without moving. Because the emitters turn on and off instantaneously, says Daniel Kopans, director of breast imaging at Massachusetts General Hospital, the system should be able to take more images every second. This faster exposure, Kopans says, should reduce blur, much as a high-speed camera captures ultrafast motion. Zhou and his colleagues have been able to take breast images at nearly twice the resolution of commercial scanners, using 25 simultaneous beams in a few seconds.

    More from MIT Tech Review...

    XinRay technology page...

    Xintek...

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    » IntraVascular MRI (IVMRI) Catheter (August 31, 2005)

    » MRI for Predicting Autoimmune Diabetes (August 22, 2005)

    » The Raw Power of 1.5 Tesla (August 19, 2005)

    » X-ray Phase Imaging Device Shows Promising results (August 15, 2005)

    » 'Gadonanotubes': A Nanotech Contrast for MRI (August 15, 2005)

    » Sensation Cardiac 64 (August 9, 2005)

    » A Womb with a View (August 3, 2005)

    » Medical Scans Can Trip Airport Radiation Detectors (July 25, 2005)

    » Novalis® Shaped Beam Surgery (June 27, 2005)

    » Holographic Movies for Medical Imaging (June 17, 2005)

    » Statscan Critical Imaging System (June 13, 2005)

    » The Mobetron (June 2, 2005)

    » Radiation Force Based Imaging: Clinical Promise Shown (May 25, 2005)

    » Sonic Flashlight™: Real Time Tomographic Reflection System (May 19, 2005)

    » Breast CT: Now in Clinical Testing (May 12, 2005)

    » Xsight™ Spine Tracking System by Accuray™ (May 9, 2005)

    » Mayo Clinic BC-10 MRI Coils (May 6, 2005)

    » High-resolution Ultrasonic Transmission Tomography (May 4, 2005)

    » High Luminance 21.3-Inch LCDs by NEC (April 22, 2005)

    » The SonoSite® MicroMaxx™ (April 20, 2005)

    » ExAblate Making Waves in US (April 19, 2005)

    » Symbia TruePoint SPECT-CT (April 15, 2005)

    » Fastastic Voyage: Smart Pill to Expand Testing (April 13, 2005)

    » Trilogy™ Technology for Image-Guided Radiosurgery (April 8, 2005)

    » Handheld MRI of the Future (April 7, 2005)

    » Brilliance 64-slice CT Scanner by Philips (April 4, 2005)

    » CDR Wireless™ X-Ray Sensor (March 28, 2005)

    » TriActiv ® Balloon Protected Flush Extraction System (March 22, 2005)

    » BSD-2000 Hyperthermia System (March 21, 2005)

    » TomoTherapy Hi.Art System (March 14, 2005)

    » Aquilion 64 (March 11, 2005)

    » Acuson AcuNav 8F for Intracardiac Ultrasound Exams (March 10, 2005)

    » SoftScan for Breast CA (March 9, 2005)

    » BreastChecker (March 9, 2005)

    » Endeavor ™ Drug Eluting Stent: Positive Results Reported (March 7, 2005)

    » JLab's Positron Emission Mammography (March 7, 2005)

    » Biograph 64 PET/CT System (March 4, 2005)

    » DynaCT C-arm System (March 4, 2005)

    » Achieva 3.0T by Philips (March 2, 2005)

    » GuardWire fails in international study (March 2, 2005)

    » Sensation 64 CT scanner (February 28, 2005)

    » Nomad ™ hand-held X-ray (February 24, 2005)

    » Cedara announces OrthoWorks and ImageSnap (February 21, 2005)

    » St. Jude Medical acquires Velocimed (February 16, 2005)

    » Concentric Medical, ASITN hit bottom (February 15, 2005)

    » New procedure for children with LQTS (February 3, 2005)

    » The MammoPad (January 24, 2005)

    » The Physics of Proton Therapy (January 21, 2005)

    » MercuryNews.com on medical simulators (January 17, 2005)

    » InSync Sentry: defibrillator and CHF monitor (January 17, 2005)

    » CyberLogic: Confronting Osteoporosis (January 6, 2005)

    » "Helical Branch Device" (December 29, 2004)

    » Signals From Deep Inside (December 28, 2004)

    ">» "The Architecture and Design of Man and Woman" (December 27, 2004)

    » iPods In The Hospital (December 20, 2004)

    » ExAblate 2000 (December 11, 2004)

    » Evalve Percutaneous MV Repair System (December 11, 2004)

    » Stereotaxis (December 10, 2004)